Snus history

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THE ORIGIN OF SNUS
1492 - Columbus lands in the New World around present-day Bahamas. An event that results in the discovery of a new continent. New goods, crops and habits would change Europe forever.
In the New World, the crew is met by an indigenous people who hand over gifts, including "some dry leaves that they consider very valuable," Columbus writes in his diary. The sailors see how the Indians roll the dry leaves into a corn leaf, light a fire on the roll and suck in the smoke. The roll is called tobago. With Portuguese and Spaniards, the tobacco plant is transported across the Atlantic to the seafarers' respective home countries.
Jean Nicot, France's ambassador to Lisbon during the latter part of the 16th century, would mean a great deal to the spread of tobacco. After him, the plant also got its Latin name (Nicotiana). It is said that the French queen Catharina de Medici suffered from severe migraine and on the advice of Jean Nicot she tried scented snuff - finely ground dried tobacco leaves. The queen's migraine disappears and the olfactory snuff becomes popular at the court because of this.
The tobacco industry spread rapidly through Europe and reached Sweden's borders at the end of the 16th century. The earliest listing is from 1601. At that time, the customs in Stockholm note that tobacco and pipes are brought into the country.
During the 18th century, snus was very popular in noble circles. However, snus does not have the form we today associate with snus. It is a dry, finely ground and aromatic tobacco powder that is drawn into the nose - also called odor snuff. The scent snuff is a luxury product and expensive to manufacture. Therefore, the users of olfactory snus, which are both men and women, are mainly in the upper class. The use of snus affects fashion and preferably you should own a snus box for each suit. The owner's character, status and position in society are strengthened with the help of the box's shape and material. It is a social marker and is a common gift to express gratitude, love or cherished friendship. In the upper class, it is just as important how you use snus as how you fencing or dancing.
During the 18th century, there are manufacturers of odor snus in several places in the country, including Gothenburg, Eskilstuna and Norrköping. At the end of the 18th century, 58.4 tonnes of odor snus were manufactured in Sweden.
The French Revolution of 1789 changes everything. The event will be the beginning to the end for the estate society that was considered an expression of a universal law of nature. The use of odor snus thus comes to an abrupt end - picking up an odor snuff box in the wrong circles can have fatal consequences. The choice of tobacco will be a political stance.
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GENERALSNUS
In 1866, JA Boman's Generalsnus saw the light of day. It was a success that lasted for over 150 years. But who was he really the creator of Generalsnuset, JA Boman?
Johan Adolf Boman was born in 1821 in Strömstad and is the son of Beata Barbara and Johannes Boman. The father is a sea captain and died in 1834 in a ship accident. The family is hard hit and at the age of 21 JA Boman moves to Gothenburg.
In 1851 Johan Adolf married the one year older Gustafva Amanda d´Orchimont in Uddevalla. Gustava Amanda comes from a French noble family and was born in Strömstad. At this time, he is already established as a wholesaler in Gothenburg. Together they have the children Axel, Herman and Gustaf. They have four more children who do not survive to adulthood.
In 1849, Boman became a partner in the tobacco company Ferd. Körner, formerly owned by the sales clerk Jacob Ferdinand Körner. His title would then be changed to tobacco manufacturer. Körner & Co was originally an import company that traded in coffee and cotton.
1854 the company changes its name to Körner & Boman. In 1857, the company's office was located at Smedjegatan 5 in Gothenburg, so that on April 1 of the same year, they moved to Östra Hamngatan 14, which already housed the factory.
In 1861, Boman took over the company under its own auspices under the name JA Boman & Co and five years later launched Generalsnus, which would prove to be a very popular and long-lasting snus brand. It is said that Boman was obsessed with creating the best snus market the market had ever seen and experienced. General is becoming a bestseller and immensely popular among 19th century snus consumers.
From the end of the 19th century, the focus was entirely on snus and eventually became Gothenburg's third largest snus factory and now Boman's youngest son Gustaf Boman is also included in the company. In addition to General, the company manufactures other popular snus brands such as Götha Vapen, Ögonsnus, Grofsigt and Patent Rapé.
In 1915, the Tobacco Monopoly redeemed the factory together with a large number of other snus factories. However, the General brand remains and is now manufactured under the auspices of the Tobacco Monopoly and remains in the sales range even when the tobacco monopoly ends in 1965.

 

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SWEDEN'S SNUS DYNASTY
At the beginning of the 20th century, Jac Fr Ljunglöfs Tobaksfabrik was the largest snus manufacturer in Sweden. As early as 1822, they began to sell the snus brand, Ljunglöfs No 1, which for 19th century snus consumers would become synonymous with "snus". We know that Jacob Fredrik was a manufacturer who improved the production methods, reviewed the distribution and introduced fixed prices and a quality guarantee on his snus. But how did it all really start?
Jacob Fredrik Ljunglöf was born in Södermanland in 1796 and is the son of a priest. Only 14 years old, he comes to Stockholm alone and initially gets a job as a clerk at a sugar factory.
In 1813 he started working for Petter Helin who is a restaurateur at Claes on Hörnet on Roslagsgatan and also a tobacco manufacturer. Here, the young Jacob Fredrik gets to learn everything that a future tobacco manufacturer must be able to do. Seven years later, he gets a job as foreman and factory manager at the tobacco manufacturer Petter Lundgren-Andersson, who has his factory on Drottninggatan 8.
In 1821, the company was transferred due to illness to Jacob Fredrik, who is now 25 years old. The company now specializes in snuff manufacturing. Jacob Fredrik improves production methods, reviews distribution, introduces fixed prices and quality guarantees. This is something completely new in the snus manufacturing industry at this time when, above all, the quality of snus was a secondary problem for many snus manufacturers. The company also changes its name to Jac Fr Ljunglöfs Tobaksfabrik on this occasion.
1822 Ljunglöfs No 1 is launched, a common term for the highest quality a factory delivered. Jacob Fredrik Ljunglöf succeeds in making the general quality designation No. 1 his own brand, popularly called "Ettan". He has a huge success with his snus and becomes the country's only snus manufacturer with nationwide sales.
In 1833, his son Knut was born in the apartment on top of the factory on Drottninggatan. It is Knut who will be the Dirty King with the whole of Sweden. Because snus production had multiplied in 1839, the factory moved to the old brewery quarters along Badstugatan (Sveavägen 40-44). In addition to the tobacco factory, it also houses offices and the Ljunglöf home.
The railway creates endless opportunities to sell snus all over the country and everywhere you can see Ljunglöf's snus in the local tobacco shops. The large number of Swedes who emigrate to America also creates a demand in the New Land and after solving the difficult problem of how to pack the snus so that it would last the entire journey, they start exporting to the new continent. Ljunglöfs No 1 spreads all the way down to the Vatican where Pope LEO XIII is very fond of Ettan.
Most of the growing profit from snus production is invested in large land estates and in 1893 the large villa in Blackeberg was completed. The new villa is closest to a castle surrounded by a vast park with rare trees. The cream is invited here by Stockholm's society and merchants' houses. The royal family are also regular guests. Blackeberg was considered a miniature Drottningholm.
Knut marries twice. The second marriage is to Hulda, a widow of a young officer. Hulda and Knut have a son together - Robert Ljunglöf.
Knut is punctually personified and every morning at the same time he tastes his snus. Every day, Ljunglöf also monitors the snus factory. At certain times, he personally appears on the sweat rooms and checks that the heat maintains a certain temperature.
The employees at Ljunglöfs Tobaksfabrik have work and income secured for old age and a decent pension thereafter. At the end of the working day, each worker receives an ostrich with one large enough to suffice for the whole family.
Every week, the old people in the city's poorhouse can pick up snus in their own cans at the factory. However, this is being derailed as the queue of poor people becomes longer and the doses they carry increase. In the end, Ljunglöf decides to instead deliver free snus in quarters directly to the poorhouses.
1885 Robert, son of Knut, is born. Father and son run the companies together for a number of years. When the tobacco monopoly was formed in 1915, Knut Ljunglöf gave up and handed over the responsibility to Robert, who had to handle the state's redemption of snus production. Robert becomes a very wealthy man with the redemption of the company and the sale of the large country estates to the city of Stockholm. Inspired by his friend Ivar Kreuger, much of the capital is invested in chemistry, the pharmaceutical industry and insurance companies. The snus factory is demolished and an office complex for his insurance company Thule, later Skandia, is built on the site at Sveavägen 44.

 

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SNUSETS URSPRUNG
1492 - Columbus landstiger i den nya världen kring det nuvarande Bahamas. En händelse som resulterar i att en ny kontinent upptäcks. Nya varor, grödor och vanor skulle förändra Europa för evigt.
I den nya världen möts besättningen av en ursprungsbefolkning som överlämnar gåvor, bland annat ”några torra blad som de betraktar som mycket värdefulla” skriver Columbus i sin dagbok. Sjömännen ser hur indianerna rullar in de torra bladen i ett majsblad, tänder eld på rullen och suger i sig röken. Rullen kallas tobago. Med portugiser och spanjorer förs tobaksplantan över Atlanten till sjömännens respektive hemländer.
Jean Nicot, Frankrikes ambassadör i Lissabon under senare delen av 1500-talet, skulle komma att betyda mycket för tobakens spridning. Efter honom har plantan också fått sitt latinska namn (Nicotiana). Det sägs att den franska drottningen Catharina de Medici led av svår migrän och på inrådan av Jean Nicot prövar hon luktsnus - fint malda torkade tobaksblad. Drottningens migrän försvinner och luktsnuset blir på grund av detta populärt vid hovet.
Tobaksbruket sprider sig snabbt genom Europa och når Sveriges gränser i slutet av 1500-talet. Den tidigaste noteringen är från 1601. Då antecknar tullen i Stockholm att tobak och pipor förs in i landet.
Under 1700-talet är det mycket populärt i adelskretsar att snusa. Snuset har dock inte den form vi idag förknippar med snus. Det är ett torrt, finmalet och aromatiskt tobakspulver som dras in i näsan – även kallat luktsnus. Luktsnuset är en lyxprodukt och dyrt att tillverka. Därför finns brukarna av luktsnus, som är både män och kvinnor, främst inom överklassen. Bruket av snus påverkar modet och helst ska man äga en snusdosa till varje dräkt. Ägarens karaktär, status och position i samhället förstärks med hjälp av dosans form och material. Den är en social markör och är en vanlig gåva för att uttrycka tacksamhet, kärlek eller uppskattad vänskap. Inom överklassen är det lika viktigt hur man snusar som hur man fäktar eller dansar.
Under 1700-talet finns det tillverkare av luktsnus på åtskilliga platser i landet, bland annat i Göteborg, Eskilstuna och Norrköping. I slutet av 1700-talet tillverkas i Sverige 58,4 ton luktsnus.
Franska revolutionen 1789 ändrar allt. Händelsen blir början till slutet för det ståndssamhälle som ansågs vara ett uttryck för en universell naturlag. Bruket av luktsnus får därmed ett abrupt slut - att ta upp en luktsnusdosa i fel kretsar kan få ödesdigra konsekvenser. Tobaksvalet blir ett politiskt ställningstagande.
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[POGreen]

SWEDEN'S SNUS DYNASTY
At the beginning of the 20th century, Jac Fr Ljunglöfs Tobaksfabrik was the largest snus manufacturer in Sweden. As early as 1822, they began to sell the snus brand, Ljunglöfs No 1, which for 19th century snus consumers would become synonymous with "snus". We know that Jacob Fredrik was a manufacturer who improved the production methods, reviewed the distribution and introduced fixed prices and a quality guarantee on his snus. But how did it all really start?
Jacob Fredrik Ljunglöf was born in Södermanland in 1796 and is the son of a priest. Only 14 years old, he comes to Stockholm alone and initially gets a job as a clerk at a sugar factory.
In 1813 he started working for Petter Helin who is a restaurateur at Claes on Hörnet on Roslagsgatan and also a tobacco manufacturer. Here, the young Jacob Fredrik gets to learn everything that a future tobacco manufacturer must be able to do. Seven years later, he gets a job as foreman and factory manager at the tobacco manufacturer Petter Lundgren-Andersson, who has his factory on Drottninggatan 8.
In 1821, the company was transferred due to illness to Jacob Fredrik, who is now 25 years old. The company now specializes in snuff manufacturing. Jacob Fredrik improves production methods, reviews distribution, introduces fixed prices and quality guarantees. This is something completely new in the snus manufacturing industry at this time when, above all, the quality of snus was a secondary problem for many snus manufacturers. The company also changes its name to Jac Fr Ljunglöfs Tobaksfabrik on this occasion.
1822 Ljunglöfs No 1 is launched, a common term for the highest quality a factory delivered. Jacob Fredrik Ljunglöf succeeds in making the general quality designation No. 1 his own brand, popularly called "Ettan". He has a huge success with his snus and becomes the country's only snus manufacturer with nationwide sales.
In 1833, his son Knut was born in the apartment on top of the factory on Drottninggatan. It is Knut who will be the Dirty King with the whole of Sweden. Because snus production had multiplied in 1839, the factory moved to the old brewery quarters along Badstugatan (Sveavägen 40-44). In addition to the tobacco factory, it also houses offices and the Ljunglöf home.
The railway creates endless opportunities to sell snus all over the country and everywhere you can see Ljunglöf's snus in the local tobacco shops. The large number of Swedes who emigrate to America also creates a demand in the New Land and after solving the difficult problem of how to pack the snus so that it would last the entire journey, they start exporting to the new continent. Ljunglöfs No 1 spreads all the way down to the Vatican where Pope LEO XIII is very fond of Ettan.
Most of the growing profit from snus production is invested in large land estates and in 1893 the large villa in Blackeberg was completed. The new villa is closest to a castle surrounded by a vast park with rare trees. The cream is invited here by Stockholm's society and merchants' houses. The royal family are also regular guests. Blackeberg was considered a miniature Drottningholm.
Knut marries twice. The second marriage is to Hulda, a widow of a young officer. Hulda and Knut have a son together - Robert Ljunglöf.
Knut is punctually personified and every morning at the same time he tastes his snus. Every day, Ljunglöf also monitors the snus factory. At certain times, he personally appears on the sweat rooms and checks that the heat maintains a certain temperature.
The employees at Ljunglöfs Tobaksfabrik have work and income secured for old age and a decent pension thereafter. At the end of the working day, each worker receives an ostrich with one large enough to suffice for the whole family.
Every week, the old people in the city's poorhouse can pick up snus in their own cans at the factory. However, this is being derailed as the queue of poor people becomes longer and the doses they carry increase. In the end, Ljunglöf decides to instead deliver free snus in quarters directly to the poorhouses.
1885 Robert, son of Knut, is born. Father and son run the companies together for a number of years. When the tobacco monopoly was formed in 1915, Knut Ljunglöf gave up and handed over the responsibility to Robert, who had to handle the state's redemption of snus production. Robert becomes a very wealthy man with the redemption of the company and the sale of the large country estates to the city of Stockholm. Inspired by his friend Ivar Kreuger, much of the capital is invested in chemistry, the pharmaceutical industry and insurance companies. The snus factory is demolished and an office complex for his insurance company Thule, later Skandia, is built on the site at Sveavägen 44.

 

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RED LACQUER
In 1753, Petter and his brother Olof were given the privilege of starting a snus factory in Norrköping. This lays the foundation for a snus brand that is still sold on the market.
The brothers go their separate ways early on, and while Olof invests in smoking tobacco, Petter hits the path of snus. In 1756, you can read in the documentation from Norrköping's hall court that the black snus factory this year produces brands such as "Barcelona sans pareille" and "Barcelona Royal". In the same year, Petter receives permission to open his own snus shop. This is called Norrköping's snus shed and is located at Stortorget.
Consumers buy their snus in paper cones or by filling their private can directly in the store. Petter Swartz is probably the first to offer its customers their own type of consumer packaging. This is a kind of tin cans that hold 1, ½ or ¼ bowl pounds of snus (approx. 425, 213 and 106 gr). Petter's innovation creates irritation among the local tinsmiths as they believe that his production of tin cans is contrary to the current guideline regulations on manufacturing rights.
At the turn of the century 1800, Petter Swartz Snusfabriken is the largest manufacturer of snus in Sweden. 1803 The factory burns down but is rebuilt.
The brand Red Lacquer is registered in 1897. Other well-known brands are Mellan Rappé and Gröna Lacket.
In 1915, the company was redeemed by the Swedish Tobacco Monopoly . The production of snus in Norrköping continued until 1931.

 

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TOBACCO GROWTH IN SWEDEN
Tobacco, like potatoes, tomatoes, aubergines and peppers, belongs to the family Solanaceae and is part of the genus Nicotiana, which has almost 60 different species and has been grown in Sweden since the end of the 16th century. In 1724, King Fredrik I issued a royal decree calling for tobacco cultivation throughout the country. The goal is to make Sweden self-sufficient within four years.
In the middle of the 18th century, more than half of all tobacco used in tobacco production was Swedish-grown and there are cultivations in 72 Swedish and 12 Finnish cities. The work with the tobacco farms is a classic women's work and the knowledge is often inherited from mother to daughter. During the late 19th century, many women traveled to the cities during the summer to find work at one of the larger tobacco farms. A legendary tobacco grower is Alida Olsson "Mother Alida" in Yngsjö outside Åhu s. She produces her own tobacco variety of Virginia type which of course is called Alidatobak. In 1964, the last plants are harvested. Seeds from there are today the basis for the museum's own cultivation.
To grow tobacco
The tobacco seeds are germinated in a cloth bag in water for a few days and then in sand before being sown in drift benches in early April. Drivbänken have is the straw in the bottom to protect against the cold, then the manure and the top of a layer of compost. Every day , the windows of the drive bench are opened , so that the plants can slowly get used to the cold air. In late May and early June , the plants are planted in the fields.
The fields are prepared for planting through fertilization and a prepared drill , which means that you plow two plow furrows against each other and then level out at the top with a rake. Between each drill there is a 60 cm wide empty groove . On each drill there is a row of plants with 40 cm between each plant. When the plants have grown to about 15 cm, they are cupped . As the plants grow, small shoots emerge . These are removed and the cold s at t "parasitic plants " . The aim is to get as big and beautiful among the ad as possible. Usually thieves to the plants twice, then is the time for the topping , which involves taking away the flower top p farm hands that they should not draw too much nutrition . Only those plants that you save the seed harvest allows you flowers can be retained .
When the tobacco is ripe , it is harvested . You start at the top and break off leaf after leaf . Last ry cker man up the stalk that is thrown away. A small incision is made in the midrib of the tobacco leaf and the cut leaves are cut into long sticks. This is called a timed " k APPA tobacco." When a cane is packed with tobacco leaf placed on top of the joists for drying in a t obakslada. Generally harvested tobacco in a ugust or September.
When the tobacco is finally dry, you take care of it on a foggy day and take it down. In such weather , the tobacco becomes soft and manageable and the work is easier. Leaf after leaf is taken from the stick and folded into a bundle . When the bundle is finished, you tie a string around it and then it's time for delivery to the tobacco manufacturer.
Here you can read more about the Snus and Match Museum's tobacco cultivation.

 

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There might be more to come

 

[POGreen]

I think I have the original recepie of Ljunglöfs Ettan but I think it is kinda hard to translate

 

[POGreen]

I think you can make snus from any variety of choice

 

[POGreen]

From one thing to another , I have an appoitment with the doctor tomorrow morning at 10.45.
I am extremly tired , meesed up in my head.
This has been going on since the beginning of this year

 

[Alpine]

Must be the Covid thing, it made a chaos out of everybody’s mind.
I wish you a prompt recovery!

pier

 

[Charly]

Take care of yourself, and thanks for the informations about snus.